home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Internet Info 1994 March
/
Internet Info CD-ROM (Walnut Creek) (March 1994).iso
/
inet
/
internet-drafts
/
draft-alvestrand-lang-char-00.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1993-07-08
|
60KB
|
2,215 lines
Characters and character sets for various languages
Thu Jun 17 12:29:46 MET DST 1993
Harald Tveit Alvestrand
SINTEF DELAB
Harald.Alvestrand@delab.sintef.no
Abstract
There is a need to have a source of information about the
characters that are used in various languages. No such information
is currently readily available on the net. This document attempts
to fill that void.
Status of this Memo
This draft document is being circulated for comment.
It does not yet cover anything but Latin-based scripts; volunteers
to collect material for other scripts are sought.
Please send comments to the author, or to the RARE WG-CHAR list
<wg-char@rare.nl>.
The following text is required by the Internet-draft rules:
This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its
Areas, and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also
distribute working documents as Internet Drafts.
Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
other documents at any time. It is not appropriate to use
Internet Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than
as a "working draft" or "work in progress."
Please check the I-D abstract listing contained in each Internet
Draft directory to learn the current status of this or any other
Internet Draft.
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 1]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
1. Introduction
There are a lot of languages in the world. Estimates vary between
500 and 6000, with some eternal conflicts about the difference
between a language and a dialect guaranteeing that any list
claiming to be authoritative will be the source of endless debate.
Many of these languages have a writing system. Some have several.
These are also likely to have changed over time, with the meaning
of character symbols changing, the shape of the characters
changing, or completely new characters being added, or old ones
removed from the set. This means that even within a single
language, a list of characters is likely to be controversial.
These problems have made several experts in the field of languages
and characters refuse to even consider the idea of working out
such a list.
Nevertheless, it is clear that an easily available source of this
kind of information is needed, in order to:
(1) Identify the problems encountered when trying to use
equipment with limited character support for a language
(2) Identify what support for additional characters will be
"enough" for that language
(3) Identify what internationally standardized character sets are
able to fulfill the requirements for that languag
The tables given below are an attempt at providing such an
identification.
The rest of the document is in 3 parts: The language tables a
2. Introduction to language tables
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 2]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
2.1. Table structure
Each language is listed in 4 parts:
(1) The language name with its ISO 639 code if applicable
(2) The characters required for that language. For brevity, the
characters of ASCII (A-Z) are not listed. Note that some
languages do NOT require all the ASCII characters.
(3) Characters that are in normal use, but have replacements that
mostly do not change the meaning of the word in context.
These may be called "optional" characters. This should _not_
be taken as liberty to remove those characters from the
language, but as a reminder that if it is great trouble to
use the charsets that cover the complete language, a smaller
character set may be used without causing grievous harm to
the expressive power of the writer.
(4) Internationally registered character sets that cover the
required and/or optional characters for that language.
(5) Comments
The division between "required" and "optional" characters is
likely to produce much discussion. As a rough guide, I have
taken the registered ISO 646 variants of a number of
countries, and classified as "optional" all characters which
did _not_ appear in that ISO 646 variant. As a result, an ISO
646 variant should appear under the "required characters
only" for all languages that have an ISO 646 variant.
Note that for brevity, only the lower case version of the
character is listed. If no note is made, one should assume
that the upper case version is equally required.
Note, however, that a lot of languages permit the dropping of
accents on upper case characters where it would be considered
improper to drop them on lower case characters.
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 3]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
2.2. Sources utilized
The table of Latin-script languages is based on work by Johan van
Wingen. <BUTPAA@rulmvs.leidenuniv.nl>. The others are best
guesses by the author.
The tables of character sets prepared by Keld Jorn Simonsen
<keld@dkuug.dk> (RFC-KELD) were invaluable in matching the data on
languages to the data on character sets.
The language codes (for those languages that have codes) come from
ISO 639.
NOTE: ISO 639 is a very incomplete list of the world's languages
(perhaps 10 or 20 % according to some experts), and is undergoing
revision. The only reason for using it is that it is the only
ISO-standardized shorthand notation for languages available at the
moment.
Languages for which no such exact information is known are listed
at the end of the tables.
2.3. What accents mean
For those who feel unfamiliar with the names of accents:
Grave
slants upwards to the left, like the Unix "backtick".
Acute
slants upwards to the right.
Circumflex
looks like a little pointed hat.
Tilde
looks like a wavy line.
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 4]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
Macron
looks like a bar placed on top of the character.
Breve
looks like the lower quarter of a circle, placed on top of
the character.
Dot above
should be self-explanatory.
Diaeresis
looks like 2 dots above the character.
Ring above
should be self-explanatory.
Cedilla
looks like a little squiggle on the bottom of the letter,
down and then left.
Ogonek
looks like a squiggle too, but goes down and to the right.
Caron
looks like a little "v" on top of the character.
3. Language tables This language has no known character set
3.1. lt Lithuanian
Required characters
a; 0105 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH OGONEK
e; 0119 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH OGONEK
i; 012f LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH OGONEK
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 5]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
u; 0173 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH OGONEK
e. 0117 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DOT ABOVE
u- 016b LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.2. lv Latvian
Required characters
a- 0101 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON
e- 0113 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON
i- 012b LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON
o- 014d LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON
u- 016b LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON
g, 0123 LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH CEDILLA
k, 0137 LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH CEDILLA
l, 013c LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH CEDILLA
n, 0146 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CEDILLA
r, 0157 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH CEDILLA
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 6]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
3.3. et Estonian
Required characters
o? 00f5 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.4. fi Finnish
Required characters
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
NATS-SEFI (iso 8)
NATS-DANO-ADD (iso 9)
SEN_850200_B (iso 10)
SEN_850200_C (iso 11)
DIN_66003 (iso 21)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 7]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.5. ?? Sami
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
aa 00e5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
o/ 00f8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
d/ 0111 LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE
n' 0144 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE
ng 014b LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG
t/ 0167 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH STROKE
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 8]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.6. sv Swedish
Required characters
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
aa 00e5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
Optional characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
NATS-SEFI (iso 8)
SEN_850200_B (iso 10)
SEN_850200_C (iso 11)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 9]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.7. no Norwegian
Required characters
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
aa 00e5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
o/ 00f8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
Optional characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
NATS-DANO (iso 9)
NS_4551-1 (iso 60)
NS_4551-2 (iso 61)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
3.8. da Danish
Required characters
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
aa 00e5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
o/ 00f8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
Optional characters
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 10]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
NATS-DANO (iso 9)
NS_4551-1 (iso 60)
NS_4551-2 (iso 61)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
3.9. fo Faeroese
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
o/ 00f8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
d- 00f0 LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH (Icelandic)
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 11]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.10. is Icelandic
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
d- 00f0 LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH (Icelandic)
th 00fe LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN (Icelandic)
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.11. kl Greenlandic
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 12]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
aa 00e5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
o/ 00f8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
a? 00e3 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE
i? 0129 LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH TILDE
u? 0169 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH TILDE
kk 0138 LATIN SMALL LETTER KRA (Greenlandic)
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
3.12. ?? Gaelic
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
i! 00ec LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
Character sets covering the whole
GB_2312-80 (iso 58)
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 13]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.13. ga Irish
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
Character sets covering the whole
GB_2312-80 (iso 58)
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.14. cy Welsh
Required characters
w' 1e83 LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH ACUTE
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 14]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
i! 00ec LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
w! 1e81 LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH GRAVE
y! 1ef3 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH GRAVE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
w> 0175 LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH CIRCUMFLEX
y> 0177 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH CIRCUMFLEX
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
w: 1e85 LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH DIAERESIS
y: 00ff LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
This language has no known character set
3.15. br Breton
Required characters
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 15]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.16. fy Frisian
Required characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
3.17. nl Dutch
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 16]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
ij 0133 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE IJ
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.18. af Afrikaans
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 17]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.19. de German
Required characters
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
ss 00df LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S (German)
Optional characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
Comments
The "ss" character exists only in lower case; the upper case
equivalent is "SS" (2 letters).
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
DIN_66003 (iso 21)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
latin6 (iso 157)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 18]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.20. fr French
Required characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
Optional characters
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
ae 00e6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
oe 0153 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
y: 00ff LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
Character sets covering the required characters only
IT (iso 15)
NF_Z_62-010_(1973) (iso 25)
NF_Z_62-010 (iso 69)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-1 (iso 121)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-2 (iso 122)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 19]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.21. ca Catalan
Required characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
l. 0140 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH MIDDLE DOT
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.22. es Spanish
Required characters
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
!I 00a1 INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK
?I 00bf INVERTED QUESTION MARK
Optional characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 20]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
Comments
Note that this language also uses special punctuation marks. The
c, appears in ISO 646-ES, but not in van Wingen's tables.
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
ES (iso 17)
ES2 (iso 85)
3.23. gl Galician
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 21]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.24. pt Portuguese
Required characters
a? 00e3 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE
o? 00f5 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
Optional characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 22]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
Character sets covering the required characters only
PT (iso 16)
PT2 (iso 84)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
3.25. eu Basque
Required characters
n? 00f1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
Character sets covering the whole
ES (iso 17)
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
ES2 (iso 85)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.26. mt Maltese
Required characters
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
i! 00ec LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
c. 010b LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH DOT ABOVE
g. 0121 LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE
h/ 0127 LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH STROKE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 23]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
z. 017c LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.27. it Italian
Required characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
i! 00ec LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
Optional characters
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
u! 00f9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
i: 00ef LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
Comments
The accented characters appear only in the lower case variant in
the Italian version of ISO 646 (ISO-IR-15).
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 24]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Character sets covering the required characters only
GB_2312-80 (iso 58)
3.28. ?? Rhaetian
Required characters
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
a! 00e0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
e! 00e8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
o! 00f2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
e> 00ea LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.29. ro Romanian
Required characters
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 25]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
a( 0103 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE
s, 015f LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CEDILLA
t, 0163 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CEDILLA
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.30. hu Hungarian
Required characters
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
o" 0151 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOUBLE ACUTE
u" 0171 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DOUBLE ACUTE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 26]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.31. sq Albanian
Required characters
e: 00eb LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-1:1987 (iso 100)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
CSA_Z243.4-1985-gr (iso 123)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.32. tr Turkish
Required characters
a> 00e2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
i> 00ee LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
u> 00fb LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
o: 00f6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
u: 00fc LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
i. 0131 LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH NO DOT
c, 00e7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
s, 015f LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CEDILLA
g( 011f LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH BREVE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 27]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-9:1989 (iso 148)
3.33. hr Croatian
Required characters
c' 0107 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
d/ 0111 LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
JUS_I.B1.002 (iso 141)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.34. sl Slovenian
Required characters
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 28]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-4:1988 (iso 110)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
JUS_I.B1.002 (iso 141)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
latin6 (iso 157)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.35. sk Slovak
Required characters
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
a: 00e4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
o> 00f4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
l' 013a LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH ACUTE
r' 0155 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH ACUTE
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
d< 010f LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH CARON
l< 013e LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH CARON
n< 0148 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
t< 0165 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 29]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.36. cs Czech
Required characters
y' 00fd LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
a' 00e1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
e' 00e9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
i' 00ed LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
u' 00fa LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
e< 011b LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CARON
u0 016f LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH RING ABOVE
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
d< 010f LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH CARON
n< 0148 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CARON
r< 0159 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
t< 0165 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
3.37. pl Polish
Required characters
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
a; 0105 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH OGONEK
e; 0119 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH OGONEK
c' 0107 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
n' 0144 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE
s' 015b LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH ACUTE
z' 017a LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH ACUTE
l/ 0142 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH STROKE
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 30]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
z. 017c LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
3.38. ?? Sorbian
Required characters
o' 00f3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
e< 011b LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CARON
c' 0107 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
n' 0144 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE
s' 015b LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH ACUTE
z' 017a LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH ACUTE
l/ 0142 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH STROKE
c< 010d LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
r< 0159 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH CARON
s< 0161 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON
z< 017e LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
ISO_8859-2:1987 (iso 101)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
CSN_369103 (iso 139)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 31]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.39. eo Esperanto
Required characters
u( 016d LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH BREVE
c> 0109 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CIRCUMFLEX
g> 011d LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH CIRCUMFLEX
h> 0125 LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH CIRCUMFLEX
j> 0135 LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX
s> 015d LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CIRCUMFLEX
Character sets covering the whole
videotex-suppl (iso 70)
iso-ir-90 (iso 90)
ANSI_X3.110-1983 (iso 99)
T.61-8bit (iso 103)
ISO_8859-3:1988 (iso 109)
T.101-G2 (iso 128)
ISO_6937-2-add (iso 142)
ISO_8859-supp (iso 154)
JIS_X0212-1990 (iso 159)
4. Other languages with appropriate character sets
Other languages for which appropriate character sets are known are
listed in the table below.
Language Character set
ar Arabic ISO-8859-6
be Byelorussian ISO-8859-5
bg Bulgarian ISO-8859-5
el Greek ISO-8859-7
en English USASCII
fa Persian ISO-8859-6
iw Hebrew ISO-8859-8
ja Japanese ISO-IR-87 (Japanese JIS C6226-1983)
ko Korean ISO-IR-149 (Korean KS C 5601-1989)
la Latin USASCII
lo Laotian ISO-IR-166
ru Russian ISO-8859-5
sw Swahili USASCII
th Thai ISO-IR-166
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 32]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
uk Ukrainian ISO-8859-5
ur Urdu ISO-8859-6
vo Volapuk ISO-8859-1
zh Chinese ISO-IR-58 (Chinese GB 2312-80)
Additional entries in this table are welcome!
4.1. ISO 10646 only languages
The following languages can (to the author's limited knowledge) be
written with the current ISO 10646 standard, but with no other
registered character sets:
Language Country(ies) Script(s)
aa Afar Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti Latin
ab Abkhazian Georgia Cyrillic
am Amharic Ethiopia Ethiopic
as Assamese India, Nepal Bengali
ay Aymara Bolivia, Peru, Chile Latin
az Azerbaijani SNC, Iran, Iraq, Turkey Cyrillic, Arabic
ba Bashkir SNC Cyrillic
bh Bihari India Gujarati (or Kaithi)
bi Bislama Vanuatu, New Caledonia Latin
bn Bengali India Bengali
co Corsican France Latin
fj Fiji Fiji Latin
gd Scots UK Latin
gn Guarani Paraguay Latin
gu Gujarati India Gujarati
ha Hausa Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Sudan,... Latin
hi Hindi India Devanagari
hy Armenian Armenia Armenian
ia Interlingua None (Artificial Language) Latin
ie Interlingue None (Artificial Language) Latin
ik Inupiak USA, Cannada Latin, Cree
in Indonesian Indonesia Latin
ji Yiddish Germany, USA, SNC, Israel Hebrew
jw Javanese Indonesia, Malaysia Latin, Javanese
ka Georgian Georgia Georgian
kk Kazakh SNC, Afghanistan Cyrillic, Arabic
km Cambodian Cambodia Khmer
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 33]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
kn Kannada India Kannada
ks Kashmiri India, Pakistan Arabic
ku Kurdish SNC, Turkey, Iraq, Iran Cyrillic, Arabic
ky Kirghiz SNC, China, Afghanistan Cyrillic, Arabic
ln Lingala CAR, Congo, Zaire Latin
mg Malagasy Madagascar, Comoro Islands Latin, Arabic
mi Maori New Zealand Latin
mk Macedonian Greece, Yugoslavia Greek, Cyrillic
ml Malayalam India Malayalam
mn Mongolian Mongolia Cyrillic, Mongolian
mo Moldavian Romania Latin
mr Marathi India Devanagari
ms Malay Malaysia, Thailand Latin
my Burmese Myanmar Burmese
na Nauru Nauru Latin
ne Nepali Nepal Devanagari
oc Occitan France Latin
or Oriya India Oriya
pa Punjabi India Gurmukhi
ps Pashto (Western) Afghanistan, Iran Arabic
qu Quechua Peru Latin
rm Rhaeto Swizerland Latin
rn Kirundi Burundi, Uganda Latin
rw Kinyarwanda Rwanda, Uganda, Zaire Latin
sa Sanskrit India Devanagari
sd Sindhi Pakistan, India, Afghanistan Arabic, Gurmukhi
sg Sangro Central African Republic Latin
si Singhalese Sri Lanka Sinhalese
sm Samoan Samoa, USA, New Zealand Latin
sn Shona Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique Latin
so Somali Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti Latin
sr Serbian former Yugoslavia Cyrillic
ss Siswati S. Africa, Swaziland Latin
st Sesotho S. Africa, Lesotho Latin
su Sudanese Sudan Latin
ta Tamil India, Malaysia Tamil
te Tegulu India Telugu
tg Tajik Tajikistan Arabic
ti Tigrinya Ethiopia Latin, Ethiopic
tk Turkmen SNC, Iran, Afghanistan Cyrillic, Arabic
tl Tagalog Phillipines Latin
tn Setswana S. Africa, Botswana, Namibia Latin
to Tonga (3) Mozambique Latin
ts Tsonga Mozambique, Swaziland Latin
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 34]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
tt Tatar SNC Cyrillic
tw Twi (Ewe) Ghana Latin
uz Uzbek (Southern) Afghanistan, Turkey Arabic
vi Vietnamese Vietnam, Cambodia, China Latin
wo Wolof Senegal, Mauritania Latin
xh Xhosa S. Africa Latin
yo Yoruba Nigeria, Togo, Benin Latin
zu Zulu S. Africa, Lesotho, Malawi Latin
The information about languages in ISO 10646 was kindly supplied
by Glenn Adams <glenn@metis.com>
Languages for which the author does NOT know any proper character
set include:
bo Tibetan
dz Bhutani
et Estonian
lt Lithuanian
lv Latvian, Lettish
mt Maltese
sh Serbo-Croatian
5. Encoded format of charset data
This section contains, in a very compact format, all the
information used to make the technical content of this RFC, apart
from the content of ISO 639 and RFC 1345.
It would be helpful if new information was also supplied in this
format.
# A list of languages and their required/optional characters.
# Format:
# &language Name
# Required characters
# Important characters
# Comments
&language Lithuanian
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 35]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
a; e; i; u; e. u- c< s< z<
&language Latvian
a- e- i- o- u- g, k, l, n, r, c< s< z<
&language Estonian
o? a: o: u: s< z<
&language Finnish
a: o:
&language Sami
a' e' a> a: e: i: o: u: ae aa o/ d/ n' ng t/ c< s< z<
&language Swedish
a: o: aa
a' e' e: u:
&language Norwegian
ae aa o/
e' o' o>
&language Danish
ae aa o/
a' e' i' o' u' y'
&language Faeroese
a' i' o' u' y' ae o/ d-
&language Icelandic
a' e' i' o' u' y' o: ae d- th
&language Greenlandic
a' e' i' u' a> e> i> o> u> ae aa o/ a? i? u? kk
&language Gaelic
a' e' o' a! e! i! o! u!
&language Irish
a' e' i' o' u'
&language Welsh
w' y' a' e' i' o' u' a! e! i! o! u! w! y! a> e> i> o> u> w> y> a: e: i: o: u: w: y:
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 36]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
&language Breton
e> u! u: n?
&language Frisian
e' u' a> e> o> u> a: e: i: o: u:
&language Dutch
a' e' i' o' u' a: e: i: o: u: ij
&language Afrikaans
a' e' e! a> e> i> o> u> e: i: o: 'n
&language German
a: o: u: ss
e' a!
The "ss" character exists only in lower case; the upper case equivalent
is "SS" (2 letters).
&language French
e' e! u! c, a!
a> e> i> o> u> ae oe e: i: u: y:
&language Catalan
e' i' o' u' a! e! o! i: u: l. n?
&language Spanish
n? c, !I ?I
a' e' i' o' u' u: n?
Note that this language also uses special punctuation marks.
The c, appears in ISO 646-ES, but not in van Wingen's tables.
&language Galician
a' e' i' o' u' u: n?
&language Portuguese
a? o? c,
a' e' i' o' u' a! a> e> o> u:
&language Basque
n? c,
&language Maltese
a! e! i! o! u! i> c. g. h/ z.
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 37]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
&language Italian
e' o' a! e! i! o!
i' u' u! i:
The accented characters appear only in the lower case variant in
the Italian version of ISO 646 (ISO-IR-15).
&language Rhaetian
e' a! e! o! a> e> i> o> o: u:
&language Romanian
a> i> a( s, t,
&language Hungarian
a' e' i' o' u' o: u: o" u"
&language Albanian
e: c,
&language Turkish
a> i> u> o: u: i. c, s, g(
&language Croatian
c' d/ c< s< z<
&language Slovenian
c< s< z<
&language Slovak
y' a' e' i' o' u' a: o> l' r' c< d< l< n< s< t< z<
&language Czech
y' a' e' i' o' u' e< u0 c< d< n< r< s< t< z<
&language Polish
o' a; e; c' n' s' z' l/ z.
&language Sorbian
o' e< c' n' s' z' l/ c< r< s< z<
&language Esperanto
u( c> g> h> j> s>
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 38]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
6. REFERENCES
[ISO 8859]
Information technology - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic
character sets
[ISO 6937]
Information processing - Coded graphic character set for text
communication
[ISO 639]
Codes for identifying languages (1988 version)
[ISO 10646]
Information technology - Universal Multiple-Octet Coded
Character Set
[RFC-KELD]
Keld Simonsen: Character Mnemonics & Character Sets, RFC
1345, June 1992
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 39]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
Table of Contents
Abstract ................................................... 1
Status of this Memo ........................................ 1
1 Introduction .............................................. 2
2 Introduction to language tables ........................... 2
2.1 Table structure ......................................... 3
2.2 Sources utilized ........................................ 4
2.3 What accents mean ....................................... 4
3 Language tables ........................................... 5
3.1 lt Lithuanian ........................................... 5
3.2 lv Latvian .............................................. 6
3.3 et Estonian ............................................. 7
3.4 fi Finnish .............................................. 7
3.5 ?? Sami ................................................. 8
3.6 sv Swedish .............................................. 9
3.7 no Norwegian ............................................ 10
3.8 da Danish ............................................... 10
3.9 fo Faeroese ............................................. 11
3.10 is Icelandic ........................................... 12
3.11 kl Greenlandic ......................................... 12
3.12 ?? Gaelic .............................................. 13
3.13 ga Irish ............................................... 14
3.14 cy Welsh ............................................... 14
3.15 br Breton .............................................. 15
3.16 fy Frisian ............................................. 16
3.17 nl Dutch ............................................... 16
3.18 af Afrikaans ........................................... 17
3.19 de German .............................................. 18
3.20 fr French .............................................. 19
3.21 ca Catalan ............................................. 20
3.22 es Spanish ............................................. 20
3.23 gl Galician ............................................ 21
3.24 pt Portuguese .......................................... 22
3.25 eu Basque .............................................. 23
3.26 mt Maltese ............................................. 23
3.27 it Italian ............................................. 24
3.28 ?? Rhaetian ............................................ 25
3.29 ro Romanian ............................................ 25
3.30 hu Hungarian ........................................... 26
3.31 sq Albanian ............................................ 27
3.32 tr Turkish ............................................. 27
3.33 hr Croatian ............................................ 28
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 40]
draft Languages and character sets Mar 93
3.34 sl Slovenian ........................................... 28
3.35 sk Slovak .............................................. 29
3.36 cs Czech ............................................... 30
3.37 pl Polish .............................................. 30
3.38 ?? Sorbian ............................................. 31
3.39 eo Esperanto ........................................... 32
4 Other languages with appropriate character sets ........... 32
4.1 ISO 10646 only languages ................................ 33
5 Encoded format of charset data ............................ 35
6 REFERENCES ................................................ 39
Alvestrand Expires Dec 17 93 [Page 41]